Back S. Wisherek and M. O. Boissier
Biogeography-Ecology Center, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Saint-Cloud, Paris, France
Full Paper (PDF File: 70KB)
Abstract
Currently, many of the major agricultural areas of North America, northern
and eastern Europe, and northern China are being degraded by excessive
soil erosion which has lead to a progressive loss of natural fertility
and decline in productivity. This is being compensated for by the use of
chemical fertilizers and pesticides which can adversely affect the quality
of surface water and groundwater. The degraded soil and polluted water
can directly impact the safety and quality of vegetables grown and, in
turn, human and animal health. What is the cause of this? Man himself.
It began in North America in the 1930's with the introduction of intensive
and extensive farming; and in the 1970's in western Europe with re-zoning
and changes in agricultural customs and practices. Thus it is important
now that eastern Europe carefully assess its emerging agricultural management
systems to avoid these same mistakes. The question is what can be done,
or should be done, to resolve the problems of exploitive farming practices
with-out disrupting the socioeconomic systems already in place? Solutions
do exist. Numerous trials have been conducted at the field, watershed and
community levels (some by the Biogeography-Ecology Center) to improve the
utilization, conservation, and protection of the rural environment.
The main focus is to facilitate the development of a more sustainable agriculture
that is essential to economic development worldwide. It is a matter of
common interest and concern that we address the real problems that threaten
our natural resource base and environment, and initiate proper remedial
measures.